A display may have an array of pixels formed from organic light-emitting diodes of different colors. Each organic light-emitting diode may have an anode, a cathode, and an emissive layer between the anode and cathode. To prevent undesired color shifts with off-axis viewing angles, evaporated color filters may be formed on the cathode in alignment with the light-emitting diodes. The color filters may include red color filters that overlap the red diodes but not the green and blue diodes, may include red, blue, and green filters that overlap respective red, green, and blue diodes, or may include an orange filter that overlaps red and green diodes and a blue filter that overlaps blue diodes. The color filters may serve as a capping layer for the diodes or a capping layer that is separate from the color filters can be incorporated into the display.