Printable dopant formulations, methods of making such dopant formulations, and methods of using such dopant formulations are disclosed. The dopant formulations provide a printable dopant ink with a viscosity sufficient to prevent ink spreading when deposited in a pattern on a substrate. Furthermore, an ion exchange purification process provides the dopant formulation with a reduced metal ion concentration, and thus a relatively high purity level. Consequently, the dopant residue remaining on the substrate after curing and/or dopant activation process is relatively uniform, and therefore can be easily removed.