Described herein is a method of reversing or preventing a formation or enlargement of an axonal spheroid. The method includes introducing into a neuron affected by formation or enlargement of the axonal spheroid a compound that downregulates PLD3 expression level or activity. Also described herein is a method of treating or preventing a neurodegenerative condition in a subject in need thereof. The method includes administering to the subject a compound that downregulates PLD3 expression level or activity in a neuron cell affected by the neurodegenerative condition. Further described herein is a pharmaceutical composition for treating a neurodegenerative condition in a subject. The pharmaceutical composition includes a compound that downregulates PDL3 expression level or activity in a neuron cell affected by the neurodegenerative condition; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.