An electronic device may include a first structure, a second structure, a flexible display, at least one sensor, and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor may be configured to: obtain information on a state of the first structure with respect to the second structure via the at least one sensor; detect a touch input via the at least one sensor; based on the information on the state of the first structure with respect to the second structure, identify a portion of the flexible display where the touch input is detected between a first portion visually exposed to an outside and a second portion accommodated in an inside of the second structure in the flexible display; and based on the identified portion being the second portion, perform a function associated with a screen displayed via the first portion, based on the touch input.