Certain aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a resistive random access memory (RRAM). The RRAM generally includes a substrate, an insulator region disposed above the substrate, and a gate region disposed adjacent to at least one lateral surface of the insulator region. The RRAM may also include a first non-insulative region disposed adjacent to a lower surface of the insulator region, and a second non-insulative region disposed adjacent to an upper surface of the insulator region.