There is provided an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition containing a compound represented by Formula (1): wherein R1 represents a polycyclic aromatic group or a polycyclic heterocyclic aromatic group, R2 represents a (n+2)-valent saturated hydrocarbon group. R3 represents a (m+2)-valent saturated hydrocarbon group, R4 and R5 each independently represent a substituent, Q represents a linking group containing a heteroatom, m and n each independently represent an integer of 0 to 12, when n is 2 or more, R4's may be the same or different, R4's may be linked to each other to form a non-aromatic ring together with R2, when m is 2 or more, R5's may be the same or different, and R5's may be linked to each other to form a non-aromatic ring together with R3, and X− represents a non-nucleophilic anion.