The present invention relates to a nail filing machine, an ultraviolet (UV) light sterilization container, and a nail filing system including the nail filing machine. The nail filing machine of the present invention comprises a pen-shaped nail filing device, a master device and a rotation speed-adjustable motor. The nail filing machine of the present invention is convenient for a user (i.e., a manicurist) to use for a long time, is easy to carry in use, has a UV light sterilization function, and can record the working mode of the user, thereby effectively improving the operability of the nail filing machine.