A bonded structure has a first substrate composed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, a first thin film layer formed on the surface of the first substrate, and a resin adhesive layer bonded to the surface of the first thin film layer. The first thin film layer is composed of silicate glass that has a metal element with different valency from Si as a solid solution. The resin adhesive layer includes a resin including a structural site derived from ionic polymerization or a resin capable of dehydration condensation.