This invention relates to collagen biomaterials and methods for manufacturing collagen biomaterials. Method disclosed herein include steps of providing a suspension of insoluble collagen fibres, providing a layer deposition interface and applying an electric field across the suspension to cause electrophoretic deposition of the insoluble collagen fibres at the layer deposition interface. Biomaterials disclosed herein include a layer comprising an array of fibres of collagen, and a layered composite material comprising at least first and second fibrous layers each comprising an array of fibres of collagen, and a shape adapting layer sandwiched between the first and second fibrous layers. Biomaterials as described herein may be useful in a range of tissue engineering and other applications.