Provided is a method that can stably produce polyaryletherketone that has a high degree of polymerization and can be easily recovered. The method for producing polyaryletherketone includes: a polycondensation step of carrying out desalting polycondensation in a reaction solvent; and a cooling step of cooling a reaction mixture after desalting polycondensation is completed. When the method is implemented, the polycondensation step is carried out in a hydrophilic solvent under pressurized conditions, and the polymerization temperature in the polycondensation step is at or above the boiling point of the hydrophilic solvent at ambient pressure. In addition, the polymer content in terms of monomers at the time of cooling in the cooling step is from 1 part by mass to 50 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the hydrophilic solvent in the reaction mixture.