A method and apparatus for executing an instruction are provided. In the method, an instruction queue is first generated, and an instruction from the instruction queue in preset order is acquired. Then, a sending step including: determining a type of the acquired instruction; determining, in response to determining that the acquired instruction is an arithmetic instruction, an executing component for executing the arithmetic instruction from an executing component set; and sending the arithmetic instruction to the determined executing component is executed. Last, in response to determining that the acquired instruction is a blocking instruction, a next instruction is acquired after receiving a signal for instructing an instruction associated with the blocking instruction being completely executed.