To provide: a transparent conductive substrate containing silver nanowires and having excellent optical characteristics, electrical characteristics and light resistance; and a method for producing the same. A transparent conductive substrate characterized by comprising: a substrate; a transparent conductive film formed on at least one principal surface of the substrate, and containing a binder resin and conductive fibers; and a protective film formed on the transparent conductive film, wherein the thermal decomposition starting temperature of the binder resin is 210° C. or higher, and the protective film is a thermal-cured film obtained using a thermosetting resin.