Various embodiments of the disclosure relate generally to an electronic device and its operating method for creating a calibration condition of an in-display fingerprint sensor and calibrating the fingerprint sensor according to the created condition, using a touchscreen display. The electronic device may according to various embodiments of the disclosure include a housing, a touchscreen display disposed inside the housing and viewable through one surface of the housing, an ultrasonic fingerprint sensor disposed inside the housing an overlapping one area of the touchscreen display when viewed from above the one surface of the housing, the ultrasonic fingerprint sensor further comprising a temperature measuring sensor, at least one processor operatively coupled with the touchscreen display and the ultrasonic fingerprint sensor, and at least one memory operatively coupled with the at least one processor, and configured to store a first reference fingerprint image relating to authentication using the ultrasonic fingerprint sensor, wherein the at least one memory may be configured to store instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to control the electronic device to: measure a temperature change using the temperature measuring sensor, determine a presence of a foreign substance on the one area using the touchscreen display, and determine whether to calibrate the ultrasonic fingerprint sensor according to the temperature change, based at least in part on determining the presence of a foreign substance.