A method for detecting a shipwrecked vessel and drown victims by using an aerial hyperspectral image, according to the present invention, comprises the steps of: (a) allowing an image reception unit to receive an observed aerial hyperspectral image, check whether the received aerial hyperspectral image is suitable for detection analysis, and extract observation information, and location information and a reflectance value for each pixel with respect to the detected shipwrecked vessel and drown victims; (b) allowing an image analysis unit to analyze spectral characteristic similarity between a spectral reflection value of a target object and an observed reflection value by using pre-constructed spectral library information and extract constituent materials and an occupation ratio for each pixel of the hyperspectral image, thereby classifying a detection result; and (c) allowing an image visualization unit to display the received hyperspectral image, locations of the detected shipwrecked vessel and drown victims, and detailed information of the detection result.