A method and apparatus for performing coding and decoding for high-frequency bandwidth extension. The coding apparatus may classify a coding mode of a low-frequency signal of an input signal based on characteristics of the low-frequency signal of an input signal, perform code excited linear prediction coding or audio coding on the LPC excitation signal of the low-frequency signal of an input signal, and perform time-domain (TD) extension coding or frequency-domain (FD) extension coding on a high-frequency signal of an input signal. When the FD extension coding is performed, the coding apparatus may generate a base excitation signal for a high band using an input spectrum, obtain an energy control factor of a sub-band in a frame using the base excitation signal and the input spectrum, generate an energy signal based on the input spectrum and the energy control factor, for the sub-band in the frame, and quantize the energy signal.