A method for reducing the latency period of a filter bank for filtering an audio signal. A large number of signal blocks in the time domain are formed from the audio signal, wherein for at least a plurality of the signal blocks in each instance a filter function is predetermined, at least one partial interval of the signal block is predetermined as a prediction period, signal components of the signal block in the at least one partial interval are estimated for the prediction period, and a predicted signal block is generated from the signal components estimated for the prediction period and from the signal components of the signal block outside the prediction period. The predicted signal block, filtered with the predetermined filter function, is transformed into the frequency domain to form a transformed signal block. Signal components of the transformed signal block are output for further processing.