The utility model provides a ground surface crack monitoring device based on laser ranging. The device comprises a fixed pile, a laser range finder, an adjusting base, a base and an alignment plate, the two fixing piles are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of a crack respectively, the alignment plate is arranged on the fixing pile on the inner side of the crack, the base is fixedly arranged on the fixing pile on the outer side of the crack, the adjusting base is installed on the base, the laser range finder is installed on the adjusting base, and the laser range finder and the alignment plate are oppositely arranged. According to the utility model, only one laser range finder is needed, a sensor does not need to be buried, the price is low, a measuring point is not easy to damage relative to sensor monitoring, and the laser range finder is high in measuring precision, small in size, light in weight and convenient to carry; and during measurement, only the adjusting base needs to be adjusted to enable the laser point to just fall in the central area of the alignment plate, and meanwhile, measurement personnel can complete measurement at a position far away from the crack without entering the inner side of the crack, so that the personal safety of the measurement personnel is guaranteed.