The utility model relates to an automatic opening and closing device of an accordion door. The automatic opening and closing device of the accordion door comprises a door frame, two accordion door leaves, pneumatic door-opening devices, plug pin door-locking devices and an electric control mechanism, and is characterized in that the two accordion door leaves are symmetrically provided with the plug pin door-locking devices and the pneumatic door-opening devices, a plug pin bearing of each plug pin door-locking device penetrates a plug pin and clamps a locking plate, and one end of each plug pin is sleeved in a manual door-opening plug pin to a plug pin buckle. One end of a pneumatic pushing rod of each pneumatic door-opening device is movably connected with a pushing rod fixing block, the other end of the pneumatic pushing rod of each pneumatic door-opening device is movably connected with a fixing support, each fixing support is arranged on a cylindrical bearing sliding block, each cylindrical bearing sliding block penetrates a cylindrical guide rail, each cylindrical guide rail is fixed on the door frame, two square guide rails are respectively arranged at two sides of the door frame and penetrate square sliding rods, the square sliding rods are provided with the locking plates, and the electric control mechanism is composed of a remote control, a pushing motor, a transmission motor, a pulling rope and a stroke switch. The automatic opening and closing device of the accordion door has the advantages of being novel in structure, beautiful, attractive, low in carbon emission and environment-friendly, and resolves the problem that a traditional accordion door can not be closed automatically.