The utility model relates to a photoelectric image acquisition and processing circuit of a novel optical interference type gas detection device, which is characterized by comprising a photoelectric sensor, a vertical driver, a main time sequence generation circuit, a CCD (charge coupled device) full-frame chip, a horizontal driver, a temperature/pressure sensor data acquisition circuit, a MCU (micro control unit) microcontroller circuit, a digital potentiometer voltage regulation circuit and a video signal waveform shaping circuit. The MCU microcontroller circuit is used for digital processing of video signals by adopting internal resources and providing a measured value. The CCD full-frame chip can achieve the best image effect through controlling the speed of an electronic shutter during exposure. The overall structure of the CCD data acquisition circuit has a compact design, the size of the circuit system is reduced, the detects of large errors and complete calculation of detection data in data measurement with the traditional optical interference type methane and carbon dioxide detection device are overcome, and the reliability and the accuracy of the instrument are improved.