The invention discloses a preparation method and application of an efficient catalyst for hydrochlorination of acetylene, belonging to the field of nano-catalyst synthesis. The preparation method comprises the following three steps: firstly, subjecting a methanol solution of Zn(NO3)2 and a methanol solution of 2-methylimidazole to a reaction to prepare a ZIF-8 template material; then performing calcining and washing to obtain microporous carbon; and finally, dipping the microporous carbon, carbon nanotubes and graphene into a prepared solution with chloroauric acid, copper chloride, cobalt chloride and lanthanum chloride as active components, and carrying out drying to obtain the catalyst. The obtained catalyst has a composite multistage structure and a large specific surface area, the dispersion effect of metal in a carrier is better, the utilization rate of metal salt is high, and cost is reasonable. The invention develops the novel mercury-free catalyst and provides a preparation technology thereof. The catalyst has good catalytic activity and selectivity when applied to a reaction for preparing vinyl chloride through hydrochlorination of acetylene.