The invention discloses an underwater communication device based on an LED light source. Real-time data transmission is carried out between a submarine or an underwater robot and equipped transmittingequipment through a communication interface. The transmitting device converts information needing to be transmitted into an LED light source to be transmitted, the submarine or the underwater robot receiving the information receives the information through the device provided with the receiving device, optical signals are converted into information through the receiving device, and then the information is transmitted to the terminal through the communication interface. According to the underwater communication device based on an LED light source, real-time, high-speed, safe and reliable communication among submarines, underwater robots, overwater platforms and the like can be achieved, the device can be applied to the aspect of real-time data transmission of detection and development of marine resources, the transmission rate is the propagation speed of LED light waves in water, the communication rate reaches Gbps, the communication time is very fast, and basically no delay exists.