The invention discloses a solar heat pump dehumidifying and drying system and belongs to the technical field of dehumidifying and drying. The system comprises an absorption heat pump system, a solar heat collection circulating system and an air circulating system, wherein the absorption heat pump system comprises a generator, an air cooling heat exchanger, a first heating device, a dehumidifying device, an absorber and a heat exchanger which are connected through pipelines; the solar heat collection circulating system comprises a solar heat collector, a first annular pipeline and a second heating device which are sequentially connected through pipelines; heat-carrying media are built in the system pipelines, and the first annular pipeline is arranged on the generator to perform heat exchange with the generator; and gas to be treated is introduced into an air treatment chamber from a drying chamber, then sequentially passes through the dehumidifying device, the first heating device andthe second heating device to be treated to obtain dry gas, and finally enters the drying chamber for drying materials. According to the solar heat pump dehumidifying and drying system, the green cleanenergy solar energy is fully utilized for dehumidifying and drying, the cascade utilization of the solar energy is realized, and the energy consumption of the dehumidifying and drying system is reduced.