The invention relates to a train real-time Ethernet network card based on a Linux platform. The train real-time Ethernet network card comprises a core processing unit, a real-time Ethernet transceiver, a CAN interface, two UART interfaces and two common Ethernet transceivers, wherein the core processing unit is respectively connected with the two paths of common Ethernet transceivers, the real-time Ethernet transceiver, the CAN interface and the two paths of UART interfaces, and is integrated with VME backboard bus logic and interfaces; the core processing unit comprises an FPGA and an ARM loaded with a Linux platform and is used for achieving protocol conversion and data transmission between VME backboard data, CAN network data, UART network data and a TRDP network. The two paths of common Ethernet transceivers are in a hot standby redundancy relationship and are used for data redundancy sending scenes with high reliability requirements. By adopting the TRDP communication data processing method and device, high-reliability and high-real-time data processing of TRDP communication data can be achieved, and the requirements of a train communication network for real-time performance and reliability are met.