The invention provides a psammosilene tunicoides cultivation method based on soil improvement and soil preparation. The method comprises the steps of incineration treatment of residual previous crops,deep tillage and sun exposure after application of lime, application of a soil improving substrate and improver, establishment of high compartments, narrow-compartment soil preparation and the like.The psammosilene tunicoides cultivation method based on the soil improvement and soil preparation has the advantages that through the soil improvement and special soil preparation, the occurrence of root diseases is controlled and reduced, the multi-year cultivation of psammosilene tunicoides is achieved, the yield of the psammosilene tunicoides is greatly increased, and the medicinal material quality of the psammosilene tunicoides is greatly improved.