The invention relates to a preparation method of a directionally-arranged MAX-phase strengthened Ag-base electric contact composite material. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, an Ag/MAX material is prepared in a manner of combining a powder metallurgy method with an equal channel angular pressing method. Through the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, Ag crystal grains can be notably refined, so that the lamellar MAX phase is layered and directionally arranged, and the compact Ag/MAX material which is anisotropic in performance is obtained. Comparedwith the Ag/MAX electrical contact material prepared by a conventional method, the Ag/MAX electrical contact material prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is more excellent in mechanical property and electric arc erosion resistance.