The invention provides a photoresponse-nitric oxide donor molecule and derivatives and a preparing method thereof. The photoresponse-nitric oxide donor molecule of the structure shown in the formula (I) can make a sensitive response under the low radiation intensity by selecting a proper structure, a high-molecular prodrug can be further prepared, self-assembling is further conducted, a high-molecular medicine good in performance is obtained, and the toxicity is reduced compared with an existing photoresponse-nitric oxide donor molecule.