The invention discloses a plate shape regulating and controlling efficiency coefficient self-learning method and system. The method comprises the steps that nodes are obtained; a measured point is obtained; the distances between the measured point and the nodes are determined according to parameters of the measured point and the nodes; proportions corresponding to all the nodes around the measuredpoint are determined according to the distances between the measured point and the nodes; the proportion sum of all the nodes is determined according to the proportions; weights of all the nodes aredetermined according to the proportions and the proportion sum; a measured point theoretical plate shape regulating and controlling efficiency coefficient is determined according to the weights; an absolute value of the deviation between the measured point theoretical plate shape regulating and controlling efficiency coefficient and practical plate shape regulating and controlling efficiency is determined according to the plate shape efficiency coefficient; whether learning is to be completed or not is judged according to the absolute value of the deviation, and if learning is not to be completed, a self-learning coefficient is determined according to the absolute value of the deviation and the weights; and a smoothness index method is adopted to obtain an optimized plate shape regulatingand controlling efficiency coefficient according to the self-learning coefficient. According to the method provided by the invention, the plate shape control precision can be improved, and plate shapedeviation is reduced.