The invention discloses a train number safety evaluation method based on the bad weather and delay condition, including the following steps: S1,collecting train information, administrative area information and region weather information under a train number to be studied in a historical period, and constructing a railway network based on the collected information; S2, calculating the total delay influence degree of the train number to be studied in the railway network during the historical period; S3, calculating the total exposure duration of the train number to be studied under bad weather in the historical period; S4, calculating the total delay influence degree in the S2 and the total exposure duration in the S3 to obtain a safety index of the train number to be studied; and S5, obtaining a safety evaluation result of the train number to be studied according to the safety index of the train number to be studied calculated in the step S4, wherein the higher the safety index of the train number to be studied, the higher the safety of the train number to be studied. The method simultaneously considers the bad weather and delay information to evaluate the safety of the train number, and obtains a higher reliability evaluation result.