The invention discloses a multi-level metro operation safety risk measurement method, which comprises the following steps: selecting metro operation risk evaluation indexes by using factor analysis method, determining calculation and assignment methods of each index, and establishing station hierarchy-line level- line network level-multi-level risk evaluation index system of, measuring and evaluating the risk of metro station by LEC evaluation method, and then using the risk assessment model based on extension theory to analyze the risk of the station level, line level, at the network level, judging the security state of the whole object and the single index. The method can provide guidance for risk management and control, overcome the problems of scattered evaluation content, unclear service objects and one-sided evaluation results in the current safety risk assessment process, realize the micro-, meso-and macro-safety risk assessment of subway operation, and improve the accuracy, effectiveness and operability of risk assessment methods.