The invention relates to a blowing and dust pumping device and a laser drilling method for a ceramic substrate. The blowing and dust pumping device comprises a body, a light transmission piece, an airfaucet, air inlet tubes and dust pumping tubes, wherein the body is provided with a cavity, one end of the cavity is communicated with the outside, the light transmission piece is arranged on a firstend of the cavity in a covering manner, the air faucet comprises a first tube and a second tube, the second tube is arranged on the first tube in a sleeving manner, a first tube of the first tube isarranged inside the body and communicated with a second end of the cavity, a second end of the first tube extends from the body and provided with an air outlet, an air passage is formed between the first tube and the second tube, one end, inside the body, of the air passage is a sealed end, the other end of the air passage is an opening end, one ends of the air inlet tubes are arranged on the bodyand communicated with the cavity, the other ends of the air inlet tubes are connected with an air supplying device, one ends of the dust pumping tubes are arranged on the body and communicated with the air passage, and the other ends of the dust pumping tubes are connected with an air pumping device. The blowing and dust pumping device capable of discharging dust generated during laser drilling of the ceramic substrate is applicable to thick ceramic substrates, and drilling quality can be guaranteed.