The embodiment of the application provides an optical wireless access method, device and system based on center pressure marginalization, and belongs to the technical field of the communication. The method comprises the following steps: receiving first load information sent by a base station; determining the data identifier of the business data needing to store in each marginal bureau and a targetbureau end for processing a to-be-processed business data request according to the preset load service allocation algorithm, the first load information, the acquired current first available load number of each marginal bureau, the first available storage space, and the data identifier of the business data pre-stored in each marginal bureau, thereby obtaining the corresponding relation of the business data request and the bureau end; sending a business data adjusting instruction to each marginal bureau, thereby enabling marginal bureau to update the locally stored business data; and schedulingthe business data request to the corresponding bureau end to process according to the corresponding relation of the business data request and the bureau end. By adopting the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the delay of responding to the business data request can be reduced.