The invention provides a principle and structure simulation system for a converter transformer. The principle and structure simulation system is composed of a software platform and a hardware device,wherein the software platform refers to virtual principle and structure three-dimensional simulation software of the converter transformer, and the hardware device refers to a hardware micro model ofthe converter transformer; the software platform carries out virtual display, the hardware device carries out physical display, the software platform and the hardware device are matched, so that a complete simulation system is formed, the principle and structure simulation system for the converter transformer carries out analogue simulation on the principle and the structure of the converter transformer from two aspects including the virtual display and physical display, thus the virtuality and reality combination is realized, the interior structure of the converter transformer, the functionsof the components, the operating principle of a direct current transmission system and the working principle of the converter transformer are subjected to simulation display, the relevant documents including relevant videos, audios, pictures, characters and the like are organically integrated in the system, and thus omnibearing device display and training for provided for employees of different majors; the learning efficiency of trainees is greatly promoted; and the used physical model is a micro module, and compared with the real device, the system provided by the invention has the advantagethat the training cost is greatly reduced.