The invention discloses a high-speed and high-accuracy battery pole piece labeling system. The battery pole piece labeling system comprises a pole piece surface information acquisition unit, a pole piece labeling unit, a control unit and a speed sensor; the size, the appearance defect and the appearance defect position of the pole piece are determined by acquiring the height distribution information of the surface of the pole piece; during labeling, label stripping operation and labeling operation can be carried out at the same time, moreover, labels and a label tape are separated by virtue ofthe vacuum adsorption force generated passively, and labeling operation is realized in a pneumatic manner.