The invention discloses an internet-based express item sending and pickup system and an express item cabinet. The system comprises a cloud database, a microprocessor, an information code generation module, a wireless communication module, a data transmission module, a data processor, a data receiving module and a data transmission module. The express item cabinet applying the system includes a data receiving module, a data transmission module, an information code scanning module, an image collecting module and an electronic lock. The system and the express item cabinet are characterized in that a user only needs to input an address into the system when sending an item, and there is no need to use exact addresses in the process of transporting and picking up the item, so that the security of information is improved. When the user picks up the item, the system automatically compares information of a picker and sends a comparison result to a user mobile terminal, so that the correct rateof delivery is increased. Powerful intelligent processing of the system reduces the complexity of the express item cabinet and the workload of a delivery person.