The invention relates to a machine-transplanted rice tray-free sprout cultivation method using water and fertilizer carriers to construct seedling bed, which comprises the following steps of: 1) selecting a sprout cultivation site; 2) constructing the water and fertilizer carriers; 3) paving a seedling bed; 4) sowing and later management. The method has the advantages that: 1) the water content ofthe seedling bed is regulated in the sprout cultivation process by using granular, strip-shaped or block-shaped water and fertilizer carriers, so that the water is retained and controlled when the water content of the seeding bed is insufficient, and is supplied when the water content of the seedling bed is sufficient; 2) the sprout cultivation site and mode can be freely selected, the traditional sprout cultivation mode is overcome, including the limitation of the sprout cultivation site and the seedling bed operation standard; 3) the water and fertilizer carriers realize the synchronous supply of water and fertilizer to the rice seedlings, combining the loosen and air-permeable packing layers, and the rapid packing of the seedlings is facilitated.