The invention discloses an ABS composite material with good toughness and ageing resistance and for 3D printing and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of 3D printing material. The ABS composite material comprises the following raw materials (by weight): 60-80 parts of ABS resin, 20-30 parts of modified SBS elastomer, 0.2-1 part of silicone oil, 0.2-1 part of stearic acid, 0.5-2 parts of an antioxidant, 1-2 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 2-4 parts of a silane coupling agent, 3-7 parts of calcium carbonate and 2-5 parts of barium sulfate. With cooperation of the above ingredients, the prepared ABS composite material has good strength, toughness and ageing resistance; and a printed product has low shrinkage and is not easy to break wire or warp.