The invention relates to a novel method for recycling pentaerythritol from alcoholysis liquid filtration residues of antioxidant 1010 mother liquid. The method comprises the following steps: adding alcoholysis liquid filtration residues and water into a reaction kettle according to a ratio, heating and stirring until the material is completely dissolved, stopping heating and stirring, preserving heat and stirring, standing and layering, separating the material into an organic phase and a water phase, filtering the water phase in the lower layer to a crystallization kettle, stirring, cooling, crystallizing, centrifuging and drying to obtain pentaerythritol. The method is capable of efficiently recycling pentaerythritol from alcoholysis liquid filtration residues of the antioxidant 1010 mother liquid; the recovery rate can reach up to 90.4%; the purity of pentaerythritol can reach up to 99.6%; through the method, water is used as an extraction solvent; the water is low in cost and is green and environmentally friendly; the recycling cost is greatly reduced; new pollution is not caused; the emission of organic wastes in enterprise production is reduced; the environmental protection isachieved; the development trend of the current chemical industry can be met.