The invention discloses a method for leaching copper and gold from a discarded printed circuit board step by step by utilizing different microorganisms. The method comprises the following steps that thiobacillus ferrooxidans and chromobacterium violaceum are selected as leaching bacteria; a culture medium used for the thiobacillus ferrooxidans and a culture medium used for the chromobacterium violaceum are prepared correspondingly; electronic waste is smashed to obtain electronic waste powder; thiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria liquid is inoculated on the culture medium for culturing, and thenthe electronic waste powder is added for leaching operation; and chromobacterium violaceum bacteria liquid is inoculated on the culture medium for culturing, then electronic waste residue with copperbeing leached is added for leaching operation. The two different simplex bacteria are utilized to extract copper and gold step by step, the problems that the efficiency is not high when a kind of bacteria is used for simultaneously extracting and leaching metal, and much materials are consumed when two kinds of mixed bacteria are used for extracting and leaching are solved, and an efficient and environment-friendly path is provided for extracting the noble metal from the electronic waste.