The invention provides a hot high-pressure fractionation method and apparatus for a three-phase product of a hydrogenation reaction of hydrocarbon materials. The hot high-pressure fractionation methodand apparatus are applicable to a dedusting and fractionation procedure TS for solid-containing gas R10PXV in a product R10PX of slurry-bed hydrocracking R10 of coal and/or oil. Flushing oil AL usedin a condensation and washing section TKA of a high-pressure fractionation tower TK during high-pressure fractionation TS hot is circulated by using a circulating pump ALSP for a circulation system, and discharged oil TKA-PL of the condensation and washing section is discharged, and the flushing oil AL can be separated by using a cyclone separator so as to discharge dust-rich liquid flow ALSH as the TKA-PL; the circulating flushing oil AL cooled by a heat exchanger TKA-HX can return to different positions of a TKA mass transfer section from different paths so as to realize multiple small-amplitude cooling of gas, thereby preventing drastic cooling; liquid discharged by the TKA can undergo solvent naphtha hydrogenation R20 so as to convert the liquid into a hydrogen donor which is returnedto the hydrocracking R10; and two or more condensing and washing sections and washing sections can be arranged.