Disclosed is an electronic lock, comprising: an electronic key terminal (21) comprising a controller (211); and an electronic lock terminal (22) comprising a memory (221), a drive motor (222) and a mechanical lock (223). The memory (221) and the drive motor (222) are both connected to the controller (211), and the mechanical lock (223) is connected to the drive motor (222). The memory (221) is adapted to store a target feature value. The controller (211) is adapted to read the target feature value stored in the memory (221) when the electronic key terminal (21) is electrically started, compare the feature value of the electronic key terminal (21) with the target feature value, and match the electronic key terminal with the drive motor (222) when the comparison verification is passed. A digital authentication method for the electronic lock is further disclosed.