The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacture of road asphalt pavement materials and particularly relates to a high-strength asphalt mixture and a preparation method thereof. The high-strength asphalt mixture consists of a waste asphalt pavement material, an asphalt binder, a new mineral material and an additive of which the weight ratio if (10-16):(4-5):(85-90):(0.25-0.5), wherein the asphalt binder consists of lake asphalt and matrix asphalt of which the ratio is (25-35):100; the total asphalt-aggregate ratio of the high-strength asphalt mixture is 4-5%; and the additive consists of an anti-rut agent and a melting enhancement agent. The characteristic of hardening and embrittlement of the waste asphalt pavement material are utilized, the characteristics of high hardness andhigh viscosity of lake asphalt are given into full play, and other melting enhancement agents are used together to prepare the high-strength asphalt mixture which can be used on road sections of thehigh-strength asphalt mixture. The waste asphalt pavement material which has low probability of being utilized by a conventional regeneration technology is consumed, the performance of the asphalt mixture is improved, and the material cost is lowered.