The invention discloses a power transmission line inspection-based multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle inspection operation simulation training system. The power transmission line inspection-based multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle inspection operation simulation training system is established by using the virtual reality technology. The system includes a training host as well as an unmanned aerial vehicle remote controller, a keyboard, a mouse, a display, and a virtual reality helmet which are all connected with the training host in a wireless or wired manner; the training host is the mastercontrol device of the system, and is provided with a virtual unmanned aerial vehicle flight control simulation unit, a virtual unmanned aerial vehicle flight simulation unit, a training evaluation management unit, a defect location and identification unit, a database unit and a background management unit; the unmanned aerial vehicle remote controller, the keyboard and the mouse are all the inputdevices of the system; and the display and virtual reality helmet are the display devices of the system. The simulation training system of the present invention can be used not only to improve the unmanned aerial vehicle inspection operation control skills of operators and but also to prevent unnecessary loss of personnel, grid lines, or unmanned aerial vehicles due to the improper handling of special circumstances.