The invention discloses a filter and a backflush filtering station including the same. The filter comprises two filtering cylinders and a control valve, wherein the two filtering cylinders are arranged oppositely; filtering cavities are formed in the filtering cylinders; filtering layers are arranged in the filtering cavities; the filtering cavities are partitioned into first cavities and second cavities; the filtering cylinders are provided with primary liquid inlet tubes which are communicated with the first cavities, backflush liquid inlet tubes which are communicated with the second cavities, primary liquid outlet tubes which are communicated with the second cavities and backflush liquid outlet tubes which are communicated with the first cavities; spraying rods are arranged in the filtering cavities, and extend to the outsides of the filtering cylinders; the spraying rods are used for spraying fluid to the filtering layers; the backflush liquid inlet tubes are communicated with thefiltering cavities through the spraying rods; the control valve comprises a liquid inlet valve part and a liquid returning valve part; the liquid inlet valve part is used for controlling the primaryliquid inlet tubes of the two filtering cylinders to be connected with/disconnected from a primary liquid inlet main tube; the liquid returning valve part is used for controlling the primary liquid outlet pipes of the two filtering cylinders to be connected with/disconnected from the primary outlet liquid main pipe. The filter and the backflush filtering station including the same provided by theinvention has a good filtering effect and low operative difficulty.