The invention belongs to the field of wet metallurgy and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of a low-stress-gradient and long-service-life lead-based anode material. The manufacturing method utilizes a high-energy micro-arc spark deposition technology, namely the surface of a work piece is subjected to reinforcement treatment by utilizing electric energy having high energy density so as to form an alloyed or compact oxide surface reinforced layer, and thus the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the surface of a lead-based anode can be improved. According to the technology, the electric energy is highly centralized in time and time, so a local material in a region is molten, an electrode material is transitioned to the surface of the work piece at a high speed and is diffused into the surface layer of the work piece to form a firmly combined alloy layer, and the binding force between a matrix and a film or between the films is improved. Meanwhile, gases containing different ingredients can be blown in the process, the conditions such as the flow rate, voltage, discharging frequency and output power of the gases are controlled, and the internal stress of an oxidation film can be released to a certain extent in a high-energy and high-temperature state, so the stress gradient is optimized.