The invention aims at providing a soybean seed aligning sorting machine based on machine vision and electromagnetic sorting. The system is composed of a mechanical platform, a power device, a conveying belt type self rotation device, a vision judging device, an intelligent electromagnetic sorting device and an intelligent control system. Power is provided through a stepping motor, a conveying beltis driven to achieve aligning and conveying of soybean seeds, image information of the soybean seeds is collected on the basis, and machine vision is adopted for analyzing and judging. The electromagnetic sorting device is used for separating qualified seeds and unqualified seeds, high-quality soybean seeds with the unified specification can be obtained, and precise selection of the soybean seedsis achieved. By means of the sorting machine, all-dimensional rotation detection of the soybean seeds can be achieved, and the sorting machine has the beneficial effects that the overall structure iscompact, the sorting precision is high, the seed damage rate is low, and time and force are saved.