The invention belongs to the technical field of construction and testing of screw piles, and discloses a device for construction and vertical bearing capacity testing of a screw pile. The device consists of a bracket and a power device, wherein the bracket is arranged on an experiment bath, and the power device is arranged on the bracket; the power device comprises a connecting part, a vertical power providing part and a torque control part; the vertical power providing part and the torque control part are respectively controlled by a PCL; the PCL is used for coordinating a ratio of vertical speed to torsion speed in the installation process of the screw pile; after the screw pile is installed to the proper position, stopping controlling the torque part, and the vertical bearing capacity of the screw pile is measured by the vertical power providing part. The device has the advantages that the ratio relationship between the rotation speed and the descending speed in the installation process of the screw pile can be met, the installation is well completed, and the influence to the installation process by different installation speeds can be measured; after the screw pile is installedto the proper position, the torsion is stopped, and the vertical bearing capacity is tested, so that the installation and the bearing capacity testing of the screw pile can be completed.