The invention relates to an elevator part failure detection method and system. The elevator part failure detection method comprises the steps that a triggered scene image of an elevator part is obtained, and first triggered characteristic data of the elevator part is obtained according to the scene image; a target trigger instruction of the elevator part is obtained, and second triggered characteristic data of the elevator part is obtained according to the target trigger instruction; and when the first characteristic data is inconsistent with the second characteristic data, it is judged that the elevator part has a failure. In the scheme, the real-time state of the elevator part can be rapidly determined by utilizing the obtained triggered scene image of the elevator part and the target trigger instruction of the elevator part so that the failure of the elevator part can be timely found out in the running process of an elevator, the hysteresis that elevator operating and maintaining staff are informed through user complaint is avoided, the elevator operating and maintaining staff can be informed to conduct maintenance after the failure is found out, operating and maintaining resources are sufficiently and reasonably utilized, and therefore the detection efficiency of the elevator part failure is improved.