The invention relates to the technical field of fiber switches and provides a pulsed light fiber switch state detecting system. In the detecting system, a timing device, a pulsed light generating module, an optical circulator and a fiber switch sensing network are connected together in sequence. The pulsed light generating module is also connected with a data collection module. A first port, a second port and a third port of the optical circulator are connected with the pulsed light generating module, the fiber switch sensing network and an optical detector respectively. An output port of the optical detector is connected with an input port of a pulse electric signal filtering amplification circuit module. An output port of the pulse electric signal filtering amplification circuit module is connected with the data collection module. An output port of the data collection module is connected with an analysis module in series. An output port of the analysis module is connected with a storage. By adopting the system provided by the invention, a technical problem that not enough communication machine rooms can be found in the neighborhood for accommodating signal analysis devices used for processing reflection optical signals is solved; a detection network system is simplified and system dimension detection efficiency is improved.