The invention discloses a radiation brightness compensation type heat radiation infrared light source system and method. According to the radiation brightness compensation type heat radiation infrared light source system and method, an adjustment optical path contains an output optical path and a measurement optical path; infrared radiation emitted by a ceramic heat emitting body is adjusted to be parallel output radiation through the output optical path, at the same time, the measurement optical path is ingeniously designed in the output optical path, so that the output radiation brightness of the light source can be measured synchronously; and a compensation controller timely adjusts the output current of a current-stabilized power source according to the measurement value of the output radiation brightness so as to realize closed-loop control on the radiation brightness of the heat emitting body, thereby making the output radiation brightness of the infrared light source have good stability and anti-jamming performance.