The invention discloses a combination lock mechanism and an airplane with a combination lock mechanism, and relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide gas control of airplanes. The combination lock mechanism comprises a shell and a sleeve; at least two ventilating holes are formed in the shell; a first ventilating hole is used for communicating a gas storage tank and an oil tank guide pipe; a second ventilating hole is used for communicating the gas storage tank and a fire extinguishing system guide pipe; a first piston is mounted at one end in the sleeve; a first explosion transmitting pipe is mounted at the other end in the sleeve; the end, at which the first piston is mounted, of the sleeve is connected with the first through hole; a first thin film is arranged between the sleeve and the first ventilating hole. A valve is mounted in the second ventilating hole; the valve can move in the axial direction of the second ventilating hole and is used for communicating or closing the fire extinguishing system guide pipe. The combination lock mechanism and the airplane with the combination lock mechanism have the advantages that the first ventilating hole and the second ventilating hole work independently, so that the explosion preventing and pressurizing of an oil tank and fire extinguishing of a fire area can be realized simultaneously and can also be realized separately.